Citing a speech in APA 7th edition style requires the following elements:
Speaker, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of the speech [Description of the speech]. Event Name. Location. URL
Example 1 (Conference presentation): Doe, J. (2023, May 15). The future of AI in healthcare [Keynote address]. Annual Tech in Medicine Conference, Boston, MA, United States. https://www.example.com/future-of-ai-healthcare
Example 2 (TED Talk): Smith, A. (2021, June 10). Reimagining education for the digital age [Video]. TED Conferences. https://www.ted.com/talks/alice_smith_reimagining_education_for_the_digital_age
Example 3 (Commencement address): Obama, M. (2020, June 7). Dear Class of 2020 [Commencement address]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BFfA17GqL70
Example 4 (Panel discussion): Johnson, R., Lee, S., & Garcia, M. (2022, September 22). Climate change: Global challenges and local solutions [Panel discussion]. World Environmental Forum, Geneva, Switzerland.
Example 5 (Unpublished speech): Brown, T. (2023, April 5). The role of artificial intelligence in modern warfare [Guest lecture]. MIT Department of Political Science, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Example 6 (Historical speech): King, M. L., Jr. (1963, August 28). I have a dream [Speech transcript]. American Rhetoric. https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm
Include the full date of the speech (Year, Month Day).
Italicize the title of the speech.
Provide a description of the speech type in square brackets.
Include the event name and location if applicable.
Add the URL if the speech is available online.
For unpublished speeches, provide as much information as possible about the event.
For historical speeches, cite the most reliable source available.
Q: How do I cite a speech with multiple speakers?
A: List all speakers in the order they appear, using the same format as for multiple authors in a book or article citation.
Q: What if I don't know the exact date of the speech?
A: Use as much of the date as you know. If you only know the year, use (Year). If you know the year and month, use (Year, Month).
Q: How do I format in-text citations for speeches?
A: Use the speaker's last name and the year: (Doe, 2023). For direct quotes, include a page number if available, or a timestamp for video recordings: (Smith, 2021, 14:35).
Q: Should I cite a speech I attended in person differently from one I watched online?
A: The basic format is the same, but for an online speech, include the platform or website name and URL. For an in-person speech, include the location but omit the URL.
Q: How do I cite a speech that was later published as an article or book chapter?
A: Cite it as an article or book chapter, but include information about the original speech in square brackets after the title.
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