To cite an artwork in APA style, you need to include the following elements:
ArtistLastName, FirstInitial. (Year). Title of the artwork [Medium]. Museum or Gallery, Location.
It's important to note that the APA 7th edition, released in October 2019, made some changes to citation formats. For artwork citations, the most significant change is the simplification of location information. You now only need to include the city and country (or state for US locations) rather than the full address of the museum or gallery.
Example 1: van Gogh, V. (1889). The Starry Night [Oil on canvas]. Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY, United States.
Example 2: Adams, A. (1941). Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico [Photograph]. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Example 3: Picasso, P. (1937). Guernica [Oil on canvas]. Museo Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain.
Example 4: Kusama, Y. (2021). Infinity Mirrored Room—Filled with the Brilliance of Life [Installation]. Tate Modern, London, United Kingdom.
Example 5: Banksy. (n.d.). Girl with Balloon [Mural]. Waterloo Bridge, London, United Kingdom.
Example 6: Michelangelo. (1501-1504). David [Marble sculpture]. Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence, Italy.
These examples cover various types of artwork, including paintings, photographs, installations, street art, and sculptures. Note how the medium is specified in each citation, providing clear information about the nature of the artwork. The examples also demonstrate how to handle cases where the creation date is unknown (using "n.d.") and when the artwork was created over a span of years.
Always include the medium of the artwork (e.g., oil on canvas, photograph, sculpture).
If the artwork is untitled, use a description in place of the title.
Include the location where the artwork is housed, such as the museum or gallery.
Use italics for the title of the artwork.
Ensure the artist's name is formatted correctly (LastName, FirstInitial).
For digital or online artwork, include the URL if available.
Use 'n.d.' for artworks with unknown creation dates.
Q: What if the artwork is untitled?
A: Use a description in place of the title, enclosed in square brackets. For example: [Untitled sculpture of a horse].
Q: Do I need to include the medium?
A: Yes, always include the medium of the artwork in square brackets after the title.
Q: How do I format the artist's name?
A: Format the artist's name as LastName, FirstInitial. MiddleInitial. (if known).
Q: Should I include the location of the museum or gallery?
A: Yes, include the city and state (for US locations) or country where the museum or gallery is located.
Q: Can I cite an artwork from an online source?
A: Yes, include the URL of the online source in the citation. If the page content might change, include a retrieval date.
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